What it is
Physical therapy is care delivered by licensed physical therapists who study how the body moves. They look at things like joint motion, muscle strength, balance and how you perform everyday activities.
It covers many areas, including post-surgical rehab, strength and mobility work, and sports rehab. Sessions may include guided exercise, hands-on techniques, movement coaching and education about how to move comfortably in daily life.
Physical therapy is different from a medical visit with an orthopedic doctor. Orthopedic doctors focus on bones, joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments, while physical therapists focus on restoring and training movement. The two often work in the same care circle.
How it’s traditionally been approached
Physical therapy has long been part of how people approach recovery after orthopedic surgery, such as procedures on the knee, hip, shoulder or spine. A surgeon commonly refers a patient to a therapist as part of the overall recovery journey.
It has also been used by people who want to explore non-surgical options for ongoing joint or muscle concerns, and by athletes returning to activity after an injury. Approaches and pacing vary widely from person to person.
Many people see a physical therapist through a referral, while in some places they can book directly. Insurance rules differ, so it's common to check with your plan and the clinic about coverage and requirements.
How the right orthopedic doctor may help
The right orthopedic doctor may help you understand whether physical therapy could be a reasonable part of your care, and may coordinate with a therapist if appropriate. A good visit generally includes a conversation about your history, a physical exam and sometimes imaging, all of which a licensed clinician decides on.
At a first physical therapy visit, a therapist usually asks about your goals, daily activities and past injuries, then observes how you move. Recovery timelines are general ranges that vary person to person, and no provider can guarantee a specific outcome.
Helpful questions to ask include: What are the goals of therapy for me? How will progress be measured? How often might I be seen, and how long might this take in general? How will you communicate with my orthopedic doctor? If surgery has been suggested, it's also reasonable to ask about a second opinion before a major procedure.
The whole-person view
Body, mind and stress are closely linked. Pain, a long recovery or time away from sport and work can affect mood and sleep, and stress or worry can in turn change how tense or tired the body feels. Looking at the whole person can make recovery feel more manageable.
Some people find extra support helpful alongside rehab. Somatic Experiences offers body-based support that some people explore for stress and tension, and Therapists.plus connects people with talk therapy for the emotional side of injury and recovery. Neither replaces medical care, and every approach has its place.
Somatic Experiences: embodiment and movement →Therapists.plus: mind body connection →
Keep in mind
- Only a licensed clinician can decide whether physical therapy or any other care is appropriate for you after an evaluation.
- Recovery experiences differ widely, and timelines described here are general ranges, not promises or guarantees.
- If you're facing major surgery, consider asking for a second opinion and bring your questions to each visit.
- For a medical emergency, call 911; if you're in emotional crisis, call or text 988.
Orthopedic doctors
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Frequently asked questions
What does a physical therapist do?
A physical therapist is a licensed professional who evaluates how you move and guides exercises and hands-on care aimed at improving mobility and strength. They also teach ways to move through daily life. What they do for you depends on your evaluation and your goals.
How do I find an orthopedic doctor near me who works with physical therapy?
Start by searching a directory like Providers.plus or asking your insurance plan for in-network orthopedic doctors, then call offices and ask how they coordinate with physical therapists. It can help to ask whether they have therapists on site or regular referral partners. Reading about their specialties and arranging a consultation can help you compare.
Do I need a doctor's referral for physical therapy?
It depends on where you live and on your insurance plan. Some people need a referral and others can book directly. Call the clinic and your insurer to confirm what applies to you.
Is physical therapy used after surgery?
Yes, physical therapy is commonly part of recovery after orthopedic surgery. Your surgeon decides if and when it is appropriate, and the approach and timing vary by person and procedure. Ask your surgeon what to expect.
How long does physical therapy take?
There is no single answer, because timelines are general ranges that vary from person to person. They depend on factors like the concern being addressed, your health and your goals. Your therapist can discuss what may be reasonable for you, though no outcome can be guaranteed.
Can physical therapy help with sports injuries?
Sports rehab is a common area of physical therapy, and many athletes work with therapists when returning to activity. Whether it may help you depends on your situation, which a licensed clinician needs to evaluate. An orthopedic doctor can help determine if it fits your care.
Educational resource. Best Orthopedic Doctors shares general information and connects people with independent orthopedic doctors. It is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Talk with a licensed professional about your health.